How Transformers Work

A transformer transmits energy between circuits through electromagnetic induction It mainly consists of the following components

1 Main Components

(1)Core Made of laminated iron or magnetic material providing a path for the magnetic flux

(2)Primary Winding Connected to the input voltage source generating a varying magnetic field

(3)Secondary Winding Induces voltage from the magnetic field produced by the primary winding delivering power to the load

(4)Insulating Materials Such as paper oil or solid insulation preventing electrical breakdown between the windings and the core

(5)Frame Houses and stabilizes all components

2 Tank and Tank Cover

All internal components are housed in the oil tank which provides protection against external influences

3 Bushings

Bushings provide sealed passages for electrical connections while maintaining insulation preventing short circuits

4 Cooling System

Transformer oil acts as a cooling medium preventing overheating The oil conservator provides space to accommodate oil expansion or contraction

5 Breather

The breather allows air to enter absorbing moisture and filtering dust preventing oil contamination